Vale yakoze toni zigera ku 250.000 z'umucanga urambye, zemezwa gusimbuza umucanga ukunze gucukurwa mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko.

Nyuma yimyaka 7 yubushakashatsi nishoramari rya miriyoni 50 reais, Vale yashyizeho uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibicuruzwa byumucanga wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, bishobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi.Isosiyete yakoresheje ubu buryo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byumucanga ahantu hakorerwa amabuye y'icyuma muri Minas Gerais, kandi ihindura ibikoresho byumucanga byasabwaga gukoresha ingomero cyangwa uburyo bwo guteranya ibicuruzwa.Igikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro Ukurikije igenzura ryiza nkibicuruzwa byamabuye y'icyuma.Muri uyu mwaka, isosiyete yatunganije kandi itanga toni zigera ku 250.000 z’umucanga urambye, kandi isosiyete irateganya kuyigurisha cyangwa kuyitanga kugira ngo ikore beto, minisiteri na sima cyangwa se kaburimbo.

Bwana Marcello Spinelli, Visi Perezida Nshingwabikorwa wa Vale's Iron Ore Business, yavuze ko ibikomoka ku mucanga ari ibisubizo by’imikorere irambye.Yagize ati: “Uyu mushinga waduteye gushiraho ubukungu buzenguruka imbere.Hano harakenewe cyane umucanga mubikorwa byubwubatsi.Ibicuruzwa byacu byumucanga bitanga ubundi buryo bwizewe mubikorwa byubwubatsi, mugihe bigabanya ingaruka kubidukikije n’imibereho yo guta umurizo.Akosho. ”

Ubucukuzi bwa Bulkoutu ahantu harambikwa ibicuruzwa byumucanga

Dukurikije ibigereranyo by’umuryango w’abibumbye, isi ikenera buri mwaka umucanga ni toni miliyari 40 kugeza kuri 50.Umucanga wabaye umutungo kamere ukoreshwa cyane nyuma y’amazi, kandi uyu mutungo urimo gukoreshwa mu buryo butemewe n’inyamaswa ku isi.

Ibicuruzwa byumucanga birambye bya Vale bifatwa nkibicuruzwa biva mu bucukuzi bw'icyuma.Amabuye mbisi muburyo bwamabuye yacukuwe muri kamere ahinduka ubutare bwicyuma nyuma yuburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya umubiri nko kumenagura, gusuzuma, gusya no kugirira akamaro uruganda.Udushya twa Vale dushingiye ku gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro y'ibicuruzwa mu cyiciro cy'inyungu kugeza igihe azagera ku byangombwa bikenewe kandi ahinduka ibicuruzwa.Mubikorwa gakondo byunguka, ibyo bikoresho bizahinduka umurizo, bijugunywa hakoreshejwe ingomero cyangwa mubirindiro.Noneho, buri toni yumucanga yakozwe bivuze kugabanya toni imwe yumurizo.

Ibicuruzwa byumucanga biva mubikorwa byo gutunganya amabuye y'icyuma byemewe 100%.Zifite silikoni nyinshi kandi zifite ibyuma bike cyane, kandi bifite uburinganire bwimiti nubunini buke.Bwana Jefferson Corraide, umuyobozi mukuru w’akarere ka Brucutu na Agualimpa akorera hamwe, yavuze ko ubu bwoko bw’umucanga atari akaga.Ati: "Ibicuruzwa byacu byumucanga ahanini bitunganywa nuburyo bwumubiri, kandi imiterere yimiti yibikoresho ntabwo ihinduka mugihe cyo kuyitunganya, bityo ibicuruzwa ntabwo ari uburozi kandi ntacyo bitwaye."

Ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa byumucanga bya Vale muri beto na minisiteri biherutse kwemezwa n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ubumenyi cya Berezile (IPT), Falcão Bauer na ConsultareLabCon, laboratoire eshatu z’umwuga.

Abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cy’amabuye y'agaciro arambye muri kaminuza ya Queensland muri Ositaraliya na kaminuza ya Geneve mu Busuwisi barimo gukora ubushakashatsi bwigenga kugira ngo basesengure ibiranga ibicuruzwa by’umucanga wa Vale kugira ngo bumve niba ibyo bikoresho byubaka biva mu bucukuzi bishobora kuba isoko irambye y’isoko. umucanga Kandi ugabanye cyane imyanda ituruka kubikorwa byubucukuzi.Abashakashatsi bakoresha ijambo "oresand" bashaka kuvuga ibicuruzwa biva mu mucanga biva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kandi bigakorwa binyuze mu gutunganya.

igipimo cy'umusaruro

Vale yiyemeje kugurisha cyangwa gutanga toni zirenga miliyoni imwe y’ibicuruzwa by’umucanga mu 2022. Abaguzi bayo baturuka mu turere tune harimo Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo na Brasilia.Isosiyete ivuga ko mu 2023, umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa byumucanga uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 2.

Ati: "Twiteguye kurushaho kwagura isoko ryo gukoresha ibicuruzwa biva mu mucanga guhera mu 2023. Kubera iyo mpamvu, twashyizeho itsinda ryihariye ryo gushora imari muri ubu bucuruzi bushya.Bazashyira mu bikorwa umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa by’umucanga mu bikorwa bihari kugira ngo babone isoko. ”Bwana Rogério Nogueira, Umuyobozi wa Marketing ya Vale Iron Ore, yavuze.

Kuri ubu Vale irimo gukora ibicuruzwa byumucanga mu birombe bya Brucutu muri San Gonzalo de Abaisau, Minas Gerais, bizagurishwa cyangwa bizatangwa.

Ahandi hantu hacukurwa amabuye y'agaciro muri Minas Gerais nazo zirimo guhindura ibidukikije no gucukura amabuye y'agaciro kugirango hinjizwemo umusaruro wumucanga.Ati: “Utu duce ducukurwa dukora ibikoresho byumucanga birimo silikoni nyinshi, ishobora gukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye.Turimo gufatanya ninzego nyinshi zirimo za kaminuza, ibigo byubushakashatsi hamwe n’amasosiyete yo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga kugira ngo dutezimbere ibisubizo bishya byo gutanga ubudozi bushya bw’ibyuma.Sohoka. ”Bwana André Vilhena, umuyobozi mushya w’ubucuruzi wa Vale yashimangiye.

Usibye gukoresha ibikorwa remezo bihari mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, Vale yanateje imbere umuyoboro wo gutwara abantu ugizwe na gari ya moshi n'imihanda yo gutwara ibicuruzwa by’umucanga muri leta nyinshi muri Berezile.Ati: “Icyo twibandaho ni ukureba niba ubucuruzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro burambye.Binyuze muri ubu bucuruzi bushya, turizera kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije, mu gihe dushakisha amahirwe yo guteza imbere umurimo no kongera amafaranga. ”Bwana Verena yongeyeho.

ibicuruzwa bidukikije

Vale yatangiye gukora ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye no gukoresha ubudozi kuva mu 2014. Umwaka ushize, iyi sosiyete yafunguye uruganda rw’amatafari rwa Puku, rukaba arirwo ruganda rwa mbere rw’icyitegererezo rutanga umusaruro w’ubwubatsi ukoresheje imirizo iva mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro nk'ibanze fatizo.Uru ruganda ruherereye mu bucukuzi bwa Pico muri Itabilito, Minas Gerais, kandi rugamije guteza imbere ubukungu buzenguruka mu gutunganya amabuye y'icyuma.

Ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga cya Minas Gerais n’uruganda rwa Pico Brick batangije ubufatanye mu bya tekiniki maze bohereza abashakashatsi 10 barimo abarimu, abatekinisiye ba laboratoire, abarangije, abanyeshuri barangije ndetse n’ubuhanga mu bya tekinike ku ruganda.Mugihe cyubufatanye, tuzakorera ahakorerwa uruganda, nibicuruzwa mugihe cyubushakashatsi niterambere ntabwo bizagurishwa mumahanga.

Vale kandi ifatanya n’ikigo cya Itabira cya kaminuza nkuru ya Itajuba kwiga uburyo bwo gukoresha ibicuruzwa byumucanga muri kaburimbo.Isosiyete irateganya gutanga ibicuruzwa byumucanga mukarere ka kaburimbo.

Ubucukuzi burambye

Usibye guteza imbere ibicuruzwa byangiza ibidukikije, Vale yafashe izindi ngamba zo kugabanya imirizo no gukora ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi burambye.Isosiyete yiyemeje guteza imbere tekinoroji yo gutunganya yumye idasaba amazi.Kugeza ubu, hafi 70% y’ibicuruzwa by’amabuye ya Vale bikorerwa mu gutunganya byumye, kandi iki gipimo ntikizahinduka na nyuma y’uko umusaruro w’umwaka wongerewe kugera kuri toni miliyoni 400 kandi imishinga mishya igashyirwa mu bikorwa.Muri 2015, ubutare bw'ibyuma bwakozwe no gutunganya byumye bingana na 40% by'umusaruro wose.

Niba gutunganya byumye bishobora gukoreshwa bifitanye isano nubwiza bwamabuye y'agaciro yacukuwe.Amabuye y'icyuma muri Carajás afite ibyuma byinshi (hejuru ya 65%), kandi inzira yo kuyitunganya igomba gusa guhonyorwa no kugenzurwa ukurikije ingano y'ibice.

Ikigereranyo cy'icyuma mu bice bimwe na bimwe bicukurwamo amabuye y'agaciro muri Minas Gerais ni 40%.Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kuvura ni ukongera ibyuma birimo ubutare wongeramo amazi kubigirira akamaro.Byinshi mubidodo byavuyemo bishyizwe mu ngomero cyangwa imyobo.Vale yakoresheje ubundi buhanga mu nyungu z’amabuye yo mu rwego rwo hasi, aribyo gutandukanya magnetiki yumye yo gutandukanya ubutare bwiza (FDMS).Uburyo bwo gutandukanya magnetiki yamabuye y'icyuma ntibisaba amazi, ntabwo rero bikenewe gukoresha ingomero zidoda.

Tekinoroji yumye ya magnetiki yo gutandukanya amabuye meza yatunganijwe muri Berezile na NewSteel, yaguzwe na Vale mu 2018, ikoreshwa mu ruganda rw’icyitegererezo muri Minas Gerais.Uruganda rwa mbere rw’ubucuruzi ruzashyirwa mu bikorwa mu gace ka Vargem Grande gakorera mu 2023. Uru ruganda ruzaba rufite umusaruro w’umwaka wa toni miliyoni 1.5 n’ishoramari rya miliyoni 150 USD.

Ubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga bushobora kugabanya ibyifuzo byingomero zidoda ni ugushungura umurizo no kubibika ahantu humye.Nyuma yuko umusaruro wibyuma byumwaka bigera kuri toni miliyoni 400, hafi ya toni miliyoni 60 (bingana na 15% yubushobozi bwose bwo gukora) bazakoresha ubwo buhanga mu kuyungurura no kubika imirizo.Vale yafunguye uruganda rwo kuyungurura umurizo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya Varzhin, kandi irateganya gufungura izindi nganda eshatu zo kuyungurura imirizo mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2022, imwe ikaba iherereye mu bucukuzi bwa Brucutu naho izindi ebyiri ziherereye mu gace ka Itabira. .Nyuma yibyo, ubutare bwibyuma byakozwe nuburyo busanzwe bwo kugirira akamaro amazi bizajya bingana na 15% yubushobozi bwose bwo gukora, kandi imirizo yakozwe izabikwa mu ngomero z’ubudozi cyangwa mu byobo byacukuwe.