Dusubije amaso inyuma mu 2021, ubwoko bw'amakara bujyanye n'amakara - amakara ashyushye, amakara ashyushye, n'ibiciro bya coke futures byahuye n'izamuka ridasanzwe no kugabanuka ku buryo budasanzwe, ibyo bikaba byarahindutse intego y'isoko ry'ibicuruzwa. Muri byo, mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, igiciro cya coke futures cyarahindutse mu buryo burambuye inshuro nyinshi, kandi mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka, amakara ashyushye yabaye ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwatumye isoko ry'amakara rihinduka cyane, bituma ibiciro bya coking na coke futures bihinduka cyane. Ku bijyanye n'ibiciro muri rusange, coking coal ifite izamuka rikomeye ry'ibiciro mu bwoko butatu. Kugeza ku ya 29 Ukuboza 2021, igiciro cy'ingenzi cya coking coal cyiyongereyeho hafi 34.73% mu mwaka wose, kandi igiciro cya coke na thermal coal cyiyongereyeho 3.49% na 2.34%.
Ukurikije impamvu zitera ikibazo, mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, inshingano yari iteganyijwe yo kugabanya umusaruro w’ibyuma bivangwa n’umuriro mu gihugu hose yatumye habaho ukwiyongera gukomeye mu byiringiro by’uko icyifuzo cya coke y’amakara kizagabanuka ku isoko. Ariko, ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, usibye inganda z’ibyuma zo mu Ntara ya Hebei zongereye imipaka y’umusaruro n’umusaruro w’ibyuma bivangwa n’umuriro ukagabanuka, izindi ntara ntizashyize mu bikorwa gahunda zo kugabanya. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, umusaruro w’ibyuma bivangwa n’umuriro wiyongereye aho kugabanuka, kandi icyifuzo cya coke cy’amakara cyagenze neza. Intara ya Shanxi, ikigo kinini gishinzwe gukora amakara na coke, yakoze imirimo yo kugenzura ibidukikije, kandi uruhande rw’ibicuruzwa rwagize igabanuka ry’ibyiciro. ) Ibiciro by’ejo hazaza byarahindutse cyane. Mu gice cya kabiri cya 2021, inganda z’ibyuma zo mu gace zikora zagiye zishyira mu bikorwa politiki yo kugabanya umusaruro w’ibyuma bivangwa n’umuriro, kandi icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho fatizo cyaragabanutse. Bitewe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro, ibiciro bya coke y’amakara na coke byakurikiyeho. Bitewe n'uruhererekane rwa politiki zo kwemeza ko ibiciro bitangwa kandi bigatuzwa, guhera mu mpera z'Ukwakira 2021, ibiciro by'ubwoko butatu bw'amakara (amakara ashyushye, amakara ashyushye, na coke) bizagenda bigaruka ku rwego rukwiye.
Mu 2020, inganda zikora coke zihutishije inzira yo gukuraho ubushobozi bwo gukora bushaje, aho zakuyeho toni miliyoni 22 z'ubushobozi bwo gukora coke mu mwaka wose. Mu 2021, ubushobozi bwo gukora coke buzaba ari inyongera nshya. Dukurikije imibare, toni miliyoni 25.36 z'ubushobozi bwo gukora coke zizakurwaho mu 2021, hamwe n'ubwiyongere bwa toni miliyoni 50.49 n'ubwiyongere bwa toni miliyoni 25.13. Ariko, nubwo ubushobozi bwo gukora coke bugenda bwongerwa buhoro buhoro, umusaruro wa coke uzagaragaza ukwiyongera kubi umwaka ku wundi mu 2021. Dukurikije imibare y'Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare, umusaruro wa coke mu mezi 11 ya mbere ya 2021 wari toni miliyoni 428.39, igabanuka rya 1.6% ry'umwaka ku mwaka, ahanini bitewe no kugabanuka guhoraho kw'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha coke. Imibare y’ubushakashatsi igaragaza ko muri 2021, igipimo cy’ubushobozi bwo guteka ku gipimo cyose kizagabanuka kuva kuri 90% mu ntangiriro z’umwaka kikagera kuri 70% mu mpera z’umwaka. Muri 2021, agace gakomeye gakorerwamo guteka ku giciro gito kazagenzurwa kenshi ku bidukikije, politiki rusange yo kurengera ibidukikije izaba ikomeye, politiki yo kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’ingufu ebyiri iziyongera mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka, inzira yo kugabanya umusaruro w’ibyuma bito bito izihutishwa, kandi igitutu cya politiki kizatuma ubusabe bugabanuka cyane, bigatuma umusaruro wa koka uzamuka nabi umwaka ku mwaka.
Mu 2022, ubushobozi bwo gukora coke mu gihugu cyanjye buzakomeza kwiyongera. Biteganyijwe ko toni miliyoni 53.73 z'ubushobozi bwo gukora coke zizakurwaho mu 2022, hamwe n'ubwiyongere bwa toni miliyoni 71.33 n'ubwiyongere bwa toni miliyoni 17.6. Urebye inyungu, inyungu kuri toni ya coke mu gice cya mbere cya 2021 ni yuan 727, ariko mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka, hamwe n'izamuka ry'ibiciro byo gukora coke, inyungu kuri toni ya coke izagabanuka igere kuri yuan 243, kandi inyungu y'ako kanya kuri toni ya coke izaba yuan 100 mu mpera z'umwaka. Bitewe n'igabanuka ry'ibiciro by'amakara atangiza, inyungu kuri toni ya coke izazamuka mu 2022, ibi bikaba ari byo bituma coke yongera kuboneka. Muri rusange, byitezwe ko umusaruro wa koke ushobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro muri 2022, ariko bitewe n’uko hateganijwe ko icyuma gisohoka kitari gikozwe mu cyuma, umwanya wo gukura kw’umusaruro wa koke ni muto.
Ku bijyanye n'ubusabe, ubusabe rusange bwa coke muri 2021 buzagaragaza icyerekezo cy'intege nke zikomeye imbere n'inyuma. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, igikorwa cyo kugabanya umusaruro w'ibyuma bikozwe mu buryo bwa kera mu turere twinshi nticyashyizwe mu bikorwa neza, kandi umusaruro w'ibyuma bikozwe mu buryo bwa kera n'ingurube wariyongereye cyane, bituma ubusabe bwa coke burushaho kwiyongera; Umusaruro wakomeje kugabanuka, bituma ubusabe bwa coke bugabanuka. Dukurikije imibare y'ubushakashatsi, umusaruro mpuzandengo w'icyuma gikozwe mu nganda 247 z'icyitegererezo mu gihugu ni toni miliyoni 2.28, muri zo impuzandengo y'umusaruro w'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa buri munsi mu gice cya mbere cya 2021 ni toni miliyoni 2.395, naho umusaruro mpuzandengo w'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa buri munsi mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka ni toni miliyoni 2.165, byagabanutse bigera kuri toni miliyoni 2.165 mu mpera z'umwaka. Hafi toni miliyoni 2. Amakuru aturuka mu Kigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare agaragaza ko mu mezi 11 ya mbere ya 2021, umusaruro w'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa kera n'ingurube wagize izamuka ribi ry'umwaka ku mwaka.
Ku ya 13 Ukwakira 2021, Minisiteri y’Inganda n’Ikoranabuhanga mu Itangazamakuru yasohoye “Itangazo ryo Guteza Imbere Umusaruro w’Inganda z’Ibyuma n’Ibyuma mu Gihe cy’Ubushyuhe i Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei n’Uturere Tuyikikije mu 2021-2022″, kuva ku ya 1 Mutarama 2022 kugeza ku ya 15 Werurwe 2022, “2 Igipimo cy’umusaruro w’ibigo by’ibyuma byo mu mijyi +26″ ntikigomba kuba munsi ya 30% by’umusaruro w’ibyuma bivangwa mu gihe nk’icyo cy’umwaka ushize. Hashingiwe kuri iki gipimo, umusaruro mpuzandengo w’icyuma gikozwe mu kwezi mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’imijyi “2+26” mu 2022 ungana n’uwo mu Gushyingo 2021, bivuze ko icyifuzo cya coke muri iyi mijyi gifite umwanya muto wo kuzamuka mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2022, kandi icyifuzo kiziyongera. Cyangwa umusaruro mu gihembwe cya kabiri n’inyuma. Ku zindi ntara, cyane cyane akarere k’amajyepfo, bitewe n’uko nta mbogamizi za politiki zihari, umusaruro w’inganda z’ibyuma witezweho kuba ukomeye kurusha uwo mu karere k’amajyaruguru, ibyo bikaba ari byiza ku ikenerwa rya coke. Muri rusange, byitezwe ko hakurikijwe politiki ya “karubone ebyiri”, politiki yo kugabanya umusaruro w’icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butaziguye izakomeza gushyirwa mu bikorwa, kandi icyifuzo cya coke ntikizashyigikirwa cyane.
Ku bijyanye n'ububiko bw'ibicuruzwa, bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa bya koka mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, mu gihe ibicuruzwa byagabanutse buhoro buhoro, ibicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka bizagabanuka icyarimwe, kandi ibicuruzwa bya koka muri rusange bizagaragaza icyerekezo cyo gukuraho ibicuruzwa. Muri 2022, bitewe nuko ibicuruzwa bya koka bihagaze neza kandi byiyongera, ibikenewe bishobora gukomeza kugenzurwa, kandi isano hagati y'ibicuruzwa n'ibicuruzwa ishobora kugabanuka, hari ibyago bimwe na bimwe byo kwirundanya kwa koka.
Muri rusange, isoko rya koke n'ibikenewe bizaba byiyongera cyane mu gice cya mbere cya 2021, kandi isoko n'ibikenewe bizaba bike mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka. Isano rusange y'isoko n'ibikenewe izaba iri mu rugero rwiza, ububiko buzakomeza gucukumburwa, kandi umusaruro rusange w'ibiciro bya koke uzaba ukomeye bitewe n'ibiciro. Muri 2022, hamwe no kurekurwa k'ubushobozi bushya bw'umusaruro no kugaruka k'inyungu kuri toni ya koke, isoko rya koke rishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Ku ruhande rw'ubusabe, politiki y'umusaruro idasobanutse mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe mu gihembwe cya mbere izakomeza kugabanya ubusabe bwa koke, kandi byitezwe ko izakomeza kwiyongera mu gihembwe cya kabiri n'inyuma yacyo. Hashingiwe ku mbogamizi za politiki yo kwemeza ko ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa bitangwa no kuzunguruka, ibiciro bya koke n'ibicuruzwa bizasubira ku by'ibanze byabyo no ku ruhererekane rw'inganda z'ibyuma. Ukurikije uko byari byitezwe ko hazabaho impinduka mu isoko rya koke n'ibikenewe, byitezwe ko ibiciro bya koke bishobora guhinduka buhoro buhoro muri 2022. , ibiciro by'igihe giciriritse n'igihe kirekire bishobora kugabanuka.